Products
Halogen Free Boards
As the name suggests, halogen-free PCBs are boards made using components that do not require or contain halogen in their construction. Any piece that contains certain amounts of the elements bromine (Br), chlorine (Cl), fluoride (F), or iodine (I) falls under the category of made with halogen. However, as long as the amounts of these chemicals stay below 0.09% wt (weight-ratio), you can label these boards halogen-free.
Advantages of Halogen Free Boards
Better electrical insulation
Halogen-free pcbs have lesser polarity as they use less polar nitrogen and phosphorus. As a result, halogen-free pcbs can bear greater electric shocks.
Small thermal coefficient
As phosphorus and nitrogen replace the halogens, they give larger molecular weight to the circuit boards. As a result, the molecules are less mobile than standard epoxy resin. As a result, halogen-free printed circuit boards have high thermal stability and lesser thermal expansion than halogen-containing pcbs.
Small moisture absorption rate
Epoxy resins with phosphorus and nitrogen have lesser chances of forming hydrogen bonds with hydrogen atoms. However, epoxy resins with halogens do form hydrogen bonds in water. Thus, halogen-free pcbs absorb less moisture than halogen pcbs.
Less toxic
As compared to halogen-packed pcbs, halogen-free pcbs pose lesser health risks to the technicians and individuals using pcbs.
Safe for the environment
Halogen-free circuit boards create lesser risk for the environment. For areas where pcb recycling is impossible, it is easier to dispose of these lower halogen compounds.
Affordable and effective
Halogen-free pcbs are a cost-effective option for single-use electronics.
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Why Choose Us
Global business
Bs interconn hong kong limited was established in january 2019, focusing on the global business of high-frequency, high-speed, high-conductivity printed circuit boards.
Competitive prices
Our company's mission is to be the preferred supplier of our partners by providing high-quality products at competitive prices for various industries.
Professional team
Our strength lies in our professional technical team with more than 10 years of experience in the PCB industry.
One-stop service
In order to improve customer satisfaction, we go beyond tradition and provide comprehensive value-added services as a one-stop solution.
Types of Halogen Free Boards
Fr-4 halogen-free pcb
Fr-4 is a widely used material for pcbs due to its excellent electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties. Halogen-free fr-4 pcbs are made from materials that do not contain halogen compounds. They offer high flame retardancy, good dimensional stability, and excellent electrical performance.
Cem-1 halogen-free pcb
Cem-1 is a composite epoxy material that is commonly used for pcbs requiring higher mechanical strength. Halogen-free cem-1 pcbs retain the benefits of traditional cem-1 materials while eliminating the use of halogen compounds. They are suitable for applications that require high impact resistance and durability.
Cem-3 halogen-free pcb
Cem-3 is a double-sided composite material that offers good electrical and thermal properties. Halogen-free cem-3 pcbs are made from halogen-free materials, providing a reliable and environmentally friendly solution for double-sided pcb applications.
Consumer electronics
Halogen-free pcbs are widely used in consumer electronics such as smartphones, tablets, laptops, cameras, and wearable devices. These products are often in close contact with users, making it important to reduce potential health risks associated with halogen-containing materials.
Telecommunications equipment
Networking devices, routers, switches, and communication infrastructure benefit from halogen-free pcbs. As these devices operate continuously, the absence of halogens contributes to better indoor air quality and safety.
Medical devices
Halogen-free pcbs are crucial in medical equipment like patient monitors, diagnostic devices, and medical imaging systems. Given the sensitive nature of medical environments, avoiding toxic fumes and potential harm is a priority.
Automotive electronics
Modern vehicles rely heavily on electronics. Halogen-free pcbs are used in automotive control units, sensors, infotainment systems, and engine management, ensuring safety and reduced environmental impact.
Industrial equipment
Industrial automation, control systems, robotics, and machinery often incorporate halogen-free pcbs to enhance worker safety and reduce environmental hazards in factory environments.
Aerospace and defense
The aerospace and defense sectors utilize halogen-free pcbs in avionics, communication systems, radar equipment, and military electronics. These applications require high reliability and safety.
Led lighting
As led technology becomes widespread, halogen-free pcbs play a key role in led lighting modules, ensuring energy efficiency and reduced environmental impact.
Renewable energy
Solar inverters, wind turbine controllers, and other renewable energy systems incorporate halogen-free pcbs for reliability and safety in demanding environmental conditions.
Networking and data centers
Halogen-free pcbs are found in networking equipment, servers, and data center infrastructure, contributing to safer and more sustainable data handling.
Consumer appliances
Household appliances like refrigerators, washing machines, and microwaves use halogen-free pcbs to enhance safety for end-users and reduce environmental impact.
Electronics in harsh environments
Applications that operate in extreme conditions, such as oil and gas exploration equipment, benefit from halogen-free pcbs' robustness and safety.
Educational and research equipment
Laboratories and educational institutions use halogen-free pcbs in equipment like scientific instruments and testing devices.
Design Considerations For Halogen Free Boards
Electrical performance
The dielectric constant may be slightly higher in some halogen-free laminates, affecting impedance tolerances and signal integrity. This requires attention during layout.
Thermal properties
The thermal conductivity of halogen-free materials can differ from traditional fr-4 laminates. Thermal analysis is advised to ensure sufficient cooling.
Mechanical characteristics
Factors like cte and modulus can vary across halogen-free laminates. Performance testing is recommended to optimize reliability.
Drillability and routability
Halogen-free materials may require adjusted drill shapes, smaller bits, or lower feed rates. Consult your pcb manufacturer for advice.
Solder mask adhesion
Added surface preparation or use of adhesion promoters may be necessary to ensure good solder mask adhesion.
Testing
Additional testing like tddb (time-dependent dielectric breakdown) helps validate the long-term reliability of new halogen-free materials.
Epoxy resins
Epoxy is the most common resin system used in pcb laminates. Tetrabromobisphenol-a (tbbpa) is a halogenated flame retardant that is commonly added to epoxy laminates. Halogen free epoxy laminates replace tbbpa with phosphorus-based compounds and derivatives of m-cresol.
Polyimides
Polyimides offer very high thermal stability and good dielectric properties. Their high cost limits use to niche applications that require excellent thermal and mechanical performance. Brominated polyimides are common, but halogen free versions are also available.
Hydrocarbon resins
Hydrocarbon resins like polybutadiene offer an alternative non-halogenated resin system. Their electrical and thermal properties are generally not as robust as epoxy or polyimide laminates. Hydrocarbon laminates are uncommon but provide good flame retardance without halogens.
Inorganic materials
Inorganic materials like silicon nitride and aluminum nitride ceramics can also be used to produce halogen free ceramic pcb substrates. However, ceramic pcbs are much more expensive than organic laminates.
Design and preparation
The pcb design is created using computer-aided design (cad) software, and the necessary materials are selected, ensuring they meet the halogen-free criteria.
Lamination
The halogen-free laminates are cut to size and layered with the required copper foils. The layers are then bonded together using heat and pressure to form a solid board.
Drilling
Holes are drilled through the laminated board to accommodate components and facilitate electrical connections.
Copper plating
The drilled holes are plated with copper to create electrical connections between the layers.
Etching
The unwanted copper is removed from the board using a chemical etching process, leaving only the desired copper traces.
Solder mask application
A halogen-free solder mask is applied to the board to protect the copper traces and prevent solder bridges.
Surface finishing
A surface finish, such as halogen-free electroless nickel immersion gold (enig), is applied to the exposed copper areas to prevent oxidation and improve solderability.
Silkscreen printing
The component labels and other markings are printed on the board using silkscreen printing.
Waste management
Throughout the manufacturing process, special care is taken to handle and dispose of waste products in an environmentally responsible manner, minimizing the release of any potentially harmful substances.
Visual inspection
Halogen-free pcbs often have a distinct appearance, with a unique tint or matte finish.
Labeling and markings
Look for 'hf' or 'halogen-free' imprinted on the pcb surface.
Material data sheets (mds) and supplier verification
Request the material data sheet for detailed material composition. Directly contact the supplier or manufacturer for verification if unsure.
Odor and flame tests
Genuine halogen-free pcbs won't emit a sharp, pungent odor when heated. In a controlled environment, halogen-containing pcbs might produce darker, more acrid smoke when burned compared to halogen-free pcbs. Prioritize safety when conducting these tests.
Material
The PCB board is usually made of FR4 (Glass Reinforced Epoxy), highly durable and commonly found in electronics due to its electrical insulation properties. However, high-speed designs require low-absorption materials like Rogers.
Layers
Single-sided boards carry lesser components and are ideal for basic devices. Double-sided boards allow for more components because of more surface area. However, multi-layered are used for complicated electronic circuits.
Size of PCB
Depends on your device's size. There should be enough space to house all components without overcrowding.
Thickness
Depending on the device and how robust you need the board to be. Standard PCBs typically have a thickness of 1.6mm, but they can be as thin as 0.4mm or as thick as 2.4mm. It depends on your specific requirenments.
Manufacturer's Reputation
It's important to check the manufacturer's certification and reputation in the market. Make sure they provide good quality boards and have good customer service.
Cost
Remember, low cost sometimes might mean low quality.
Manufacturing(Delivery) Time
If you are on a tight schedule, look for manufacturers who can deliver fast but without compromising on quality.
Tolerance
Ensure the PCB manufacturer's ability matches the requirement of your components and design.
The Differences Between Halogen Pcb Boards and Halogen-Free Pcb Boards from Several Main Aspects
Material composition
● Halogen pcbs: Halogen pcbs are made of materials containing halogen elements (such as chlorine and bromine), the most common of which are brominated flame retardants.
● Halogen-free pcb boards: Halogen-free pcb boards are made of materials that do not contain halogen elements. Common alternative materials include ammonium phosphate, nano-graphite, nano-magnesium hydroxide, etc.
Environmental impact
● Halogen pcb boards: During the manufacturing and processing of pcb boards, halogen elements may release harmful substances, such as halogen compounds and dioxins. These substances have certain potential risks to the environment and health.
● Halogen-free pcb boards: The materials used in halogen-free pcb boards do not contain halogen elements, so fewer harmful substances are produced during manufacturing and processing, and the impact on the environment is relatively small.
Fire safety
● Halogen pcb board: Halogenated flame retardants will release a large amount of toxic gases when the pcb board is exposed to flame, and these gases may cause harm to personnel and equipment.
● Halogen-free pcb boards: The materials used in halogen-free pcb boards have good flame retardant properties, which can reduce harmful gases generated in fires and improve safety.
Product Maintenance
Visual inspection
Carefully visually inspect the halogen-free board, looking for any signs of damage, scratches, or residual contaminants. Pay special attention to areas around components, connectors, and traces, as these areas are often more susceptible to damage or contamination.
Electrical testing
Depending on the application and complexity of the halogen-free board, electrical testing may be required to verify the functionality and integrity of the circuit after cleaning. This can include continuity testing, signal integrity testing, or other application-specific testing as needed.
Reassembly and final inspection
Once the cleaning and testing process is complete, reassemble the halogen-free board into its intended application or enclosure, taking care to follow proper electrostatic discharge and handling procedures. Perform a final visual inspection to ensure that all components and connections are properly seated and secured.
Maintenance and prevention
While proper cleaning is essential to maintaining the performance and life of the halogen-free board, it is also important to implement preventative measures to minimize the need for frequent cleaning and reduce the risk of contamination or damage.
Handling and storage
Proper handling and storage methods can significantly reduce the accumulation of contaminants on flexible circuit boards. Always use clean, lint-free gloves or tools when handling circuits, and store them in a clean, dry, and static-free environment when not in use.
Environmental controls
In a production or assembly environment, implementing proper environmental controls can help minimize the presence of airborne contaminants and reduce the risk of contamination on halogen-free circuit boards. This may include the use of air filtration systems, clean rooms, or other measures to maintain a controlled and clean environment.
Regular inspection and maintenance
As part of a preventive maintenance program, regular inspection and cleaning of halogen-free circuit boards can help identify and resolve potential problems before they become more serious. Establish a schedule for regular inspection and cleaning based on the specific application and operating environment.
What Are the Trends and Development Directions of Halogen Free Boards in the Market
Growth projections
The halogen-free pcb market is forecast to grow steadily at around 3% cagr over the next five years as global environmental regulations expand.
Legislative initiatives
Tighter restrictions on halogen use are forthcoming in the eu's red and rohs directives, along with bans in specific u.S. States. This will further increase demand.
Industry commitments
Major manufacturers like apple, samsung, sony, and others have publicized commitments to phase out halogenated flame retardants and transition to greener alternatives.
Technology innovations
R&d continues to enhance the electrical performance of halogen-free materials while reducing costs. This will improve adoption rates moving forward.
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